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Titanium Ions for Perchlorate ReductionGeorgetown, VASource: Early, Joseph E., Giulio Amadei, and Daniel Tofan, 2000. "Rapid Reduction of Perchlorate Ion by Ti(III) Complexes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Media" in Perchlorate Treatment Technology Workshop, 5th Annual Joint Services Pollution Prevention & Hazardous Waste Management Conference & Exhibition, August 21-24, 2000, Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas. Project Summary: The following text was excerpted from project summary information provided by Georgetown University; and Early, Joseph E., Giulio Amadei, and Daniel Tofan, 2000. "Rapid Reduction of Perchlorate Ion by Ti(III) Complexes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Media" in Perchlorate Treatment Technology Workshop, 5th Annual Joint Services Pollution Prevention & Hazardous Waste Management Conference & Exhibition, August 21-24, 2000, Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas: It has been known for a long time that titanous ions (Ti3+) reduce perchlorate ions in acidic aqueous solutions, but that reaction is quite slow, generally having a half-time of many hours or a few days. Laboratory research carried out by Professor Joseph E. Earley, Sr., and his associates in the Chemistry Department of Georgetown University of Washington DC 20057 has identified reaction media in which this reaction (reduction of perchlorate to chloride by Ti(III)) takes place quite rapidly (half-time of minutes). The same group has also synthesized several new organic ligands that efficiently catalyze reduction of perchlorates by titanous ions in ordinary acid aqueous media. Further, they have developed methods to bind such catalytic ligands to semi-solid supports which provide an appropriate reaction environment for rapid destruction of perchlorates by titanous species. These heterogeneous catalytic media can be used in flow or batch methods to efficiently and rapidly reduce perchlorates to chlorides. The ultimate products of the Ti(III)-perchlorate reaction are titanium dioxide (titania) and chloride salts, non-toxic and environmentally benign products. A patent describing these processes and the new chemical principles they involve is pending. These methods and principles can be further developed (preferably, by arrangement, in an industrial or government laboratory) to provide rapid, convenient, and environmentally benign methods of destruction of perchlorates, including solutions of high acidity and/or high salt concentrations, for which biological remediation is not feasible. The reactant Ti(III) is inexpensive and readily available. The produce Ti(IV) can be reduced to Ti (III) by electrochemical or chemical means. Batch and/or continuous flow methods can be developed to use the chemical principles discussed in the patent (pending) for destruction of perchlorates. Additional Info Source: Early, Joseph E., Giulio Amadei, and Daniel Tofan, 2000. "Rapid Reduction of Perchlorate Ion by Ti(III) Complexes in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Media" in Perchlorate Treatment Technology Workshop, 5th Annual Joint Services Pollution Prevention & Hazardous Waste Management Conference & Exhibition, August 21-24, 2000, Henry B. Gonzalez Convention Center, San Antonio, Texas. Urbansky, Edward T., Ed. 1999. Chapter 9, Perchlorate in the Environment, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, New York |
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